Types and Causes
What is gum disease? Gum disease is also known as periodontal disease. There are several different types or stages:
• Gingivitis is the most common and mildest form of gum disease. It is often caused by insufficient oral hygiene although there can be other contributing factors.
• Periodontitis occurs when plaque spreads below the teeth. Bacteria attack the gums and bones that support your teeth. This can lead to infection and possible tooth loss.
Plaque-induced gum disease can be caused by a number of factors such as:
• Plaque
• Medications
• Systemic failures
• Malnutrition
Non-plaque-induced may be more difficult to determine as there is not always a specific cause:
• Bacteria.
• Fungal or viral.
• Genetic factors.
• Allergic reactions or some illnesses.
• Oral wounds.
• Adverse reaction to dentures or other dental devices.
Symtoms
Make a dental appointment as soon as possible if you notice any of the following symptoms:
• Gums are a reddish color instead of pink
• Your gums are swollen and/or tender
• Chronic bad breath
• Your gums bleed during brushing or flossing
• Your teeth appear longer due to receding gums
How is Gum Disease Diagnosed?
You may have gingivitis and not notice any symptoms. Your dentist will be able to detect evidence of gum disease during your routine checkups.
• X-rays will show levels of bone loss due to periodontal disease.
• Measuring your gums. Your dentist or hygienist uses a probe to measure the pockets around all of your teeth. This should be done annually to monitor the progression of gum disease.
• Your dentist will examine the condition of your gums.
Prevention
The best defence against gum disease is to practice good oral hygiene such as:
• Brush your teeth a minimum of twice daily
• Floss after each meal or at least once daily
• Maintain routine dental exams
Treatment
It is possible to successfully treat gum disease when it is caught early. If the disease progresses treatment is not as predictable:
• Deep cleaning at dental exams.
• Root planing. Your dentist uses a tool to clean and scrape below the gum line. The allows the gum to reattach to the tooth.
Practice good brushing habits and avoid risks such as smoking to maintain good oral health. Contact us today to book an appointment to check up on your oral health. Your dental health is an important aspect of your overall well being. Good dental hygiene and routine visits to your dentist will help prevent periodontal disease.